In 1967, when he was 70 years, the American millionaire Daniel Keith Ludwig began an adventure comparable to that of his compatriot, Henry Ford, 40 years earlier. Ford tried to thicken the rubber feet on native forest, in which it is derived, so that production became commercially profitable.
Ludwig would replace the trees of the Amazon by an Asian species almost unknown. The characteristic of gmelina tree was growing faster and give more pulp than traditional sources of this fiber, pine and eucalyptus.
Ludwig assembled an army of men and machines ever seen in the region to put down thousands and thousands of trees, the average 10/12 000 hectares per year. A hundred thousand hectares of typical rainforest, with the greatest diversity of plant species on the planet, would house a forest planted with a single species - and exotic. The gmelina, hitherto used for the production of cellulose, would serve the "holy grail" of Ludwig over competitors, surprising them and winning.
The leap was so mistaken as Ford. The weak soil was not a good basis for the development of the Asian tree, demanding of nutrients. In patches of fertile land would be a waste plant it. Homogenization of a forest so intricate led to adverse effects. The gmelina was torn, at enormous cost, and replaced by eucalyptus.
At the height of deforestation Jari Project, the millionaire imagined reaching 3.6 million hectares between Pará and Amapá (legalizáveis lands totaled "only" 10% of this claim), pedestrians had at its disposal 700 chainsaws in the warehouse, stock renewed annually, the largest in South America
When they entered the woods, was an infernal racket. Accidents were repeated because, deafened by the noise, some workers did not hear the sound of falling trees. Several died crushed.
The Amazon on the scene today, the real war against the forest, no longer is repeated. However, the practice continues to burn or break virgin forest to make way for other types of cultivation, such as pasture for cattle and soybeans extensive. It is antifloresta guerrillas.
A simple query to any decent publication on Amazon interested to reveal that the tree standing is worth much more. Could yield far more than ranching and agriculture if the pioneer, the one that most deforests, knew or could explore the forest, forestry practice or have access to other forms of use of its potential. How has not, does what are used to making: replace the vegetation by cattle and smaller plants, short cycle crops.
The scene of a deforestation is to horrify and revolt one who knows the Amazon. It was not to be repeated longer. The void opened by loggers in the region in ancient dense forest (and other vegetation) is three times larger than the state of São Paulo, home to one third of the national wealth, GDP (Gross Domestic Product). It is more than enough: it's an exaggeration, an insult to human intelligence, a mockery, a violation of national sovereignty.
Who wants to see can keep up with the fall of a tree through real images. There are some excellent clip on Earth (Earth) by Michael Jackson. But now there's an even better picture: the fall of an enormous tree is recorded by a miniature camera installed in his trunk, which accompanies her to the ground.
Only someone of the mineral kingdom is not touched by this image, one of many that lead to eternal fascination The Amazon in the documentary, the carioca Belisario Franca, first presented at the Rio + 20.
The loggers, of course, does not sensitize. Last month they put down 431 km ² (or 43,000 acres, four times longer than the average annual felled senseless of the kingdom of Mr.Ludwig) of native forest. It was 154% more than the same month of 2011. For the poet T. S. Elliot, April is the worst month. For the "scorched earth" Amazonia in 2012, was September, divider between summer and winter.
September should already be declining deforestation. But the drought strong and passionate debate about the new Forest Code, which sought to impose longer restrictions on Amazon deforestation, stimulated appetites and speculative market, released the worst instincts, intelligence left outside the bounds Amazon.
The indexes, published by Imazon, a research institute based in Belém(capital of the state of Pará), this time without any sophistry let you see the core of destruction: 68% of the deforestation occurred in Pará, Mato Grosso while, secondly, suffered "only" 14% .
The five most deforested municipalities are all in Pará, home to eight of the top 10 in the Amazon forest destruction. The main target was Altamira, where 126 km2 were destroyed (in Cumaru do Norte in 2nd place, were 28.3 km2). Three of the eight most deforested municipalities in Pará are in the area of influence of the Belo Monte Dam, expected to be the third largest in the world.
Who has eyes to see knows that this destruction as well localized and concentrated product is inducing waves that escape quantitative statistics, and the official version of the speech that act as they want, ignoring the peculiarity of the territory over which they intervene. Even if it is the dimension of Amazonia.
Poor Amazon. Until when?
http://veja.abril.com.br/noticia/economia/trabalhadores-de-belo-monte-retomam-as-obras-em-pimental
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bel%C3%A9m
Ludwig would replace the trees of the Amazon by an Asian species almost unknown. The characteristic of gmelina tree was growing faster and give more pulp than traditional sources of this fiber, pine and eucalyptus.
Ludwig assembled an army of men and machines ever seen in the region to put down thousands and thousands of trees, the average 10/12 000 hectares per year. A hundred thousand hectares of typical rainforest, with the greatest diversity of plant species on the planet, would house a forest planted with a single species - and exotic. The gmelina, hitherto used for the production of cellulose, would serve the "holy grail" of Ludwig over competitors, surprising them and winning.
The leap was so mistaken as Ford. The weak soil was not a good basis for the development of the Asian tree, demanding of nutrients. In patches of fertile land would be a waste plant it. Homogenization of a forest so intricate led to adverse effects. The gmelina was torn, at enormous cost, and replaced by eucalyptus.
At the height of deforestation Jari Project, the millionaire imagined reaching 3.6 million hectares between Pará and Amapá (legalizáveis lands totaled "only" 10% of this claim), pedestrians had at its disposal 700 chainsaws in the warehouse, stock renewed annually, the largest in South America
When they entered the woods, was an infernal racket. Accidents were repeated because, deafened by the noise, some workers did not hear the sound of falling trees. Several died crushed.
The Amazon on the scene today, the real war against the forest, no longer is repeated. However, the practice continues to burn or break virgin forest to make way for other types of cultivation, such as pasture for cattle and soybeans extensive. It is antifloresta guerrillas.
A simple query to any decent publication on Amazon interested to reveal that the tree standing is worth much more. Could yield far more than ranching and agriculture if the pioneer, the one that most deforests, knew or could explore the forest, forestry practice or have access to other forms of use of its potential. How has not, does what are used to making: replace the vegetation by cattle and smaller plants, short cycle crops.
The scene of a deforestation is to horrify and revolt one who knows the Amazon. It was not to be repeated longer. The void opened by loggers in the region in ancient dense forest (and other vegetation) is three times larger than the state of São Paulo, home to one third of the national wealth, GDP (Gross Domestic Product). It is more than enough: it's an exaggeration, an insult to human intelligence, a mockery, a violation of national sovereignty.
Who wants to see can keep up with the fall of a tree through real images. There are some excellent clip on Earth (Earth) by Michael Jackson. But now there's an even better picture: the fall of an enormous tree is recorded by a miniature camera installed in his trunk, which accompanies her to the ground.
Only someone of the mineral kingdom is not touched by this image, one of many that lead to eternal fascination The Amazon in the documentary, the carioca Belisario Franca, first presented at the Rio + 20.
The loggers, of course, does not sensitize. Last month they put down 431 km ² (or 43,000 acres, four times longer than the average annual felled senseless of the kingdom of Mr.Ludwig) of native forest. It was 154% more than the same month of 2011. For the poet T. S. Elliot, April is the worst month. For the "scorched earth" Amazonia in 2012, was September, divider between summer and winter.
September should already be declining deforestation. But the drought strong and passionate debate about the new Forest Code, which sought to impose longer restrictions on Amazon deforestation, stimulated appetites and speculative market, released the worst instincts, intelligence left outside the bounds Amazon.
The indexes, published by Imazon, a research institute based in Belém(capital of the state of Pará), this time without any sophistry let you see the core of destruction: 68% of the deforestation occurred in Pará, Mato Grosso while, secondly, suffered "only" 14% .
The five most deforested municipalities are all in Pará, home to eight of the top 10 in the Amazon forest destruction. The main target was Altamira, where 126 km2 were destroyed (in Cumaru do Norte in 2nd place, were 28.3 km2). Three of the eight most deforested municipalities in Pará are in the area of influence of the Belo Monte Dam, expected to be the third largest in the world.
Who has eyes to see knows that this destruction as well localized and concentrated product is inducing waves that escape quantitative statistics, and the official version of the speech that act as they want, ignoring the peculiarity of the territory over which they intervene. Even if it is the dimension of Amazonia.
Poor Amazon. Until when?
http://veja.abril.com.br/noticia/economia/trabalhadores-de-belo-monte-retomam-as-obras-em-pimental
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bel%C3%A9m
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